Skin cancer, such as squamous cell carcinoma and basal cell carcinoma, is a prevalent and potentially serious condition that develops when skin cells undergo malignant transformations. Although rarer, skin cancer malignant melanoma is potentially a life-threatening skin cancer.
It is essential to be aware of the causes, recognise the symptoms, and understand the available treatment options to promote early detection and effective management.
This blog post aims to provide a comprehensive overview of skin cancer, including its causes, symptoms, and various treatment modalities.
Skin cancer is primarily caused by excessive exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation, whether the sun is shining or not, as UV also passes though clouds.
There are three skin cancers to beware of, all related to UV exposure:
The following factors contribute to an increased risk of developing skin cancer:
Skin cancer can manifest in various forms, and it is crucial to be vigilant about any changes in the skin. Be aware of the common symptoms and signs of skin cancers, which include:
The treatment approach for skin cancer depends on various factors, including the type, size, and stage of cancer. Common treatment options include:
Surgery with analysis (histopathology) of the tissue: Surgical biopsy to confirm the lesion is a skin cancer. The small piece of tissue is sent to the laboratory for analysis.
Surgical excision to completely remove the skin lesion. The entire skin lesion is excised with a “safe margin” around it and the specimen sent to the laboratory for analysis of the cells.
Specialised Surgical excision using Mohs micrographic surgery: This is often used to remove recurrent cancerous growths or to presser tissues in the eyelids, as it ensures all the borders and depth of the lesion are checked for cancerous cells by immediate histopathological analysis of tissue layers, without removing too much of the normal surrounding healthy tissue.
This requires a specialist surgical dermatologist working with the ophthalmologist, oculoplastic surgeon or dermatologist.
Radiation Therapy: High-energy radiation is employed to kill cancer cells and shrink tumours. This is often used if the skin cancer is large and needs shrinking.
Topical Medications: In some cases of superficial (not very deep) skin cancers, prescription topical creams or gels may be prescribed for superficial skin cancers. These have to be used for several weeks, only under the guidance of the dermatologist.
Cryotherapy: The application of extreme cold through liquid nitrogen to freeze and destroy superficial cancerous cells, often used on the scalp.
Immunotherapy: This treatment boosts the body’s immune system to recognise and destroy cancer cells.
Skin cancer is a significant health concern that requires attention and awareness. Regular self-examinations and routine visits to dermatologists are essential to maintaining skin health and preventing serious complications associated with skin cancer. Also, by understanding skin cancer and taking proactive steps to protect your skin, you can minimise your risk and promote a healthier future for yourself and those around you. Remember, prevention and early detection are the best defences against skin cancer. Stay informed, stay protected!
At Clinica London, we have a skilled medical dermatologist, Ms Jennifer Crawley, who regularly assess patients who have a skin lesion suspected of skin cancer, examine the lesion with a dermatoscope, then carry out necessary biopsy or excision as advised.
Skin cancer is a serious health concern that affects millions of people worldwide. By understanding the risks, prevention strategies, and treatment options, you can take proactive steps to protect yourself and your loved ones. In this blog post, we will explore some amazing facts about skin cancer that will help increase your awareness and promote a proactive approach to skin health.
Most Common Cancer: Skin cancer is the most common type of cancer globally. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), approximately 2-3 million non-melanoma skin cancers and 132,000 melanoma skin cancers occur each year.
Sun Exposure: One of the leading causes of skin cancer is prolonged and unprotected exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun. Sunburns, especially during childhood, significantly increase the risk of developing skin cancer later in life.
Indoor Tanning: Indoor tanning beds and booths emit harmful UV radiation, which greatly increases the risk of developing skin cancer. People who use indoor tanning devices before the age of 35 have a significantly higher risk of melanoma.
Types of Skin Cancer: The three main types of skin cancer are basal cell carcinoma (BCC), squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), and malignant melanoma (MM). BCC and SCC are the most common and highly curable types, while MM is more aggressive and potentially deadly if not detected and treated early.
ABCDE Rule: To identify potential signs of melanoma, dermatologists often use the ABCDE rule: Asymmetry (one half of the mole differs from the other), Border irregularity, Colour variation, Diameter larger than a pencil eraser, and Evolution (changes in size, shape, or colour over time). This rule serves as a useful guide for self-examination.
Genetic Factors: While excessive UV exposure is the primary cause of skin cancer, genetic factors can also play a role. Individuals with a family history of skin cancer or certain inherited conditions, such as xeroderma pigmentosum, are at higher risk.
Skin colour and Sun Protection: Although people with fair skin, light hair, and light eyes are at a higher risk of developing skin cancer, people with all skin types can be affected. It is a common misconception that individuals with darker skin are immune to skin cancer, but they can still develop the disease and should take precautions.
Importance of Sunscreen: Regular use of sunscreen with a wide spectrum high SPF (Sun Protection Factor) can significantly reduce the risk of skin cancer. Sunscreen should be applied generously and reapplied every two hours, especially when spending time outdoors or participating in water activities.
The Role of Early Detection: Early detection plays a crucial role in the successful treatment of skin cancer. Regular self-examinations, annual skin checks by a dermatologist, and awareness of any changes on the skin are essential for identifying potential skin cancer at an early stage.
Skin cancer is a serious health concern that affects millions of people worldwide. It is important to have accurate information about this disease in order to prevent its occurrence and detect it early. Unfortunately, there are several myths and misconceptions surrounding skin cancer that can mislead people and potentially put their health at risk. In this blog post, we will debunk some of the most common skin cancer myths and provide you with the facts you need to know.
Myth 1: People with darker skin tones cannot get skin cancer.
Fact: While it is true that individuals with fair skin, light hair, and light eyes are at higher risk, skin cancer can affect people of all skin tones. Although the risk may be lower for those with darker skin, they can still develop skin cancer, and the outcomes may be worse due to delayed detection. Everyone, regardless of their skin colour, should take measures to protect their skin from harmful UV rays.
Darker skin types can get squamous cell carcinoma, basal cell carcinoma and rarely, malignant melanoma.
Myth 2: Tanning beds are a safe alternative to natural sunlight.
Fact: Tanning beds emit harmful UV radiation, which can cause skin cancer, including melanoma, the most dangerous form of skin cancer. Using tanning beds exposes your skin to high levels of UV radiation, increasing your risk of developing skin cancer, especially basal cell carcinoma.
It is crucial to avoid tanning beds altogether and opt for safer alternatives like self-tanning lotions or sprays.
Myth 3: Sunscreen is not necessary on cloudy or overcast days.
Fact: UV rays from the sun can penetrate through clouds, meaning you can still get sunburned and damaged skin on cloudy or overcast days. It is essential to wear sunscreen with a broad-spectrum SPF (Sun Protection Factor) of 30 or higher every day, regardless of the weather.
Remember to reapply sunscreen every two hours and after swimming or sweating.
Myth 4: Skin cancer only occurs on sun-exposed areas.
Fact: While sun-exposed areas like the face, neck, arms, and legs are commonly affected by skin cancer, it can develop on any part of the body, including areas that are not typically exposed to the sun. Skin cancer can appear on the scalp, under the nails, or even on the soles of the feet.
Regularly check your entire body for any new or changing moles or spots.
Myth 5: Once a skin cancer spot is removed, you are cured.
Fact: Removing a skin cancer spot is an essential part of the treatment, but it does not guarantee a complete cure. Skin cancer can recur or spread to other parts of the body, so it is crucial to have regular check-ups with a dermatologist even after treatment.
Early detection and ongoing monitoring are key to managing skin cancer effectively.
Don’t let misinformation and myths cloud your understanding of skin cancer. By debunking these common misconceptions, we hope to empower you with accurate knowledge about skin cancer prevention, detection, and treatment. Remember to protect your skin from the sun’s harmful UV rays, perform regular self-examinations, and consult with a healthcare professional if you notice any suspicious changes on your skin. Stay informed and take proactive steps towards maintaining your skin health.
Skin cancer is a serious concern, and taking proactive steps to protect your skin is crucial. Whether you enjoy spending time outdoors or have a job that requires sun exposure, it’s essential to prioritise your skin health. We will discuss effective tips to help you avoid skin cancer and maintain a healthy complexion.
Apply Sunscreen: One of the simplest and most effective ways to protect your skin from harmful UV rays is by wearing sunscreen daily. Choose a broad-spectrum sunscreen with an SPF of 30 or higher and apply it generously to all exposed skin. Remember to reapply every two hours or more frequently if you are sweating or swimming.
Seek Shade: When the sun is at its peak, usually between 10 a.m. and 4 p.m., it’s best to seek shade whenever possible. Shade provides additional protection from direct sunlight and reduces your overall UV exposure. If you’re spending time outdoors, try to find shaded areas or create your own shade using an umbrella, hat, or clothing.
Avoid Tanning Beds: Tanning beds emit harmful UV radiation, which can increase your risk of developing skin cancer. It’s best to avoid them altogether. If you desire a sun-kissed look, consider safer alternatives such as self-tanning lotions or spray tans.
Be Mindful of Medications and Chemicals: Certain medications and chemicals can make your skin more sensitive to the sun, leading to a higher risk of sunburns and skin damage. Consult your healthcare provider or pharmacist to determine if any medications you’re taking can increase photosensitivity. Additionally, be cautious with products such as fragrances or essential oils that can cause skin reactions when exposed to the sun.
Perform Regular Skin Checks: Regularly examining your skin can help you identify any changes or abnormalities that may require medical attention. Pay close attention to new moles or growths, changes in existing moles, or any other unusual skin conditions. If you notice anything concerning, consult a dermatologist promptly.
Wear Protective Clothing: Covering up with appropriate clothing can significantly reduce your skin’s exposure to the sun. Opt for lightweight, loose-fitting, long-sleeved shirts and long pants or skirts. Dark-coloured and tightly woven fabrics offer better protection. Additionally, wear a wide-brimmed hat that shades your face, neck, and ears, and don’t forget to wear sunglasses that block both UVA and UVB rays to protect your eyes.
Educate Yourself about Skin Cancer: Knowledge is power when it comes to protecting your skin. Educate yourself about the different types of skin cancer, risk factors, and warning signs. This information will help you take proactive measures to prevent skin cancer and seek medical attention when necessary.
Protecting your skin from the sun’s harmful UV rays is crucial for preventing skin cancer. By following these tips, such as applying sunscreen, seeking shade, wearing protective clothing, and being mindful of medications and chemicals, you can significantly reduce your risk.
Remember, early detection and prevention are key to maintaining healthy skin.
Stay vigilant and prioritise your skin health for a brighter future. If you have a concern about your skin, Clinica London´s experienced dermatologist, Dr Jennifer Crawley, is here at hand to help you.
Telephone: 020 7935 7990
International Callers : +44 20 7935 7990
ENGLISH 
