Uveitis is an eye condition characterised by inflammation of the uvea, the middle layer of the eye that consists of the iris, ciliary body, and choroid. This inflammation can cause redness, pain, light sensitivity, and blurred vision, potentially leading to permanent vision damage if untreated.
Uveitis can be triggered by many causes, including autoimmune disorders, infections (such as HIV, syphilis, tuberculosis, herpes, and toxoplasmosis), or trauma to the eye. Often, it involves an autoimmune response where the body’s immune system mistakenly attacks healthy tissue in the eye.
Other forms of ocular inflammation include scleritis (inflammation of the sclera, the outer protective layer of the eye), choroiditis (inflammation of the choroid), retinitis (inflammation of the retina), and optic neuritis (inflammation of the optic nerve). Each of these conditions can also lead to severe discomfort and vision impairment, which is why understanding and promptly treating ocular inflammations is essential.